Pick your circuit and call types to pull controlling case law, or look up state penal and traffic offenses — each with street-level takeaways.
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The controlling doctrines and exceptions of street-level constitutional law, each anchored to its leading case. State law can be more protective than these federal floors — in Texas, Art. 38.23 often is. Doctrine summaries should be verified against the anchor opinions before publication.
Summaries and offense levels are drafted for field reference and must be verified against the current statutes at statutes.capitol.texas.gov before publication — the Legislature amends these codes every session. Each section includes a verbatim-text dropdown: entries marked pending have not yet been populated from the official source, and only source-verified text will ever appear there.
Two locks on every warrantless arrest in Texas. An arrest must be authorized by a specific statutory exception (CCP Chapter 14 or another statute) and supported by Fourth Amendment probable cause. Texas law is more restrictive than the federal floor — and under Art. 38.23, evidence from an arrest that violates the statute can be suppressed even when the Constitution was satisfied.
Local ordinances supplement, not replace, state law. A city ordinance cannot authorize conduct state law forbids, and most Class C ordinance violations are fine-only with no custodial arrest unless another statutory hook applies (e.g., failure to identify, outstanding warrant). Always confirm an ordinance is currently in force — cities amend their codes routinely — before relying on it.
Not affiliated. This guide is not affiliated with, endorsed by, sponsored by, or compensated by any provider listed on this tab. Providers are listed for officer convenience only — a listing is not a recommendation or a vouch for course quality.
Training providers offering TCOLE-credit-eligible courses that officers can pursue on their own. Access models differ: some sell individual seats or subscriptions with no agency account, one is a membership benefit (CLEAT), and some run primarily in-person. Course catalogs, pricing, access rules, and availability change constantly. Verify current TCOLE eligibility and the reporting arrangement on each provider's own site — and with your training coordinator — before relying on any course for credit.
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